Adult ADHD Medication
While ADHD medication can aid in manage symptoms, it is not a cure. Psychological interventions are suggested, particularly in the most depressed areas.
NHS prescriptions for CNS stimulants, and ADHD drugs quadrupled during the Covid pandemic in comparison to previous years. There are regional variations in the prescribing of drugs and referrals.
What is ADHD?
People who suffer from untreated ADHD will often find that they have difficulty managing various daily tasks and can create problems in various aspects of their lives. They may have problems at work as well as in their relationships and with their self-esteem. They may be at risk of developing a variety of comorbid disorders, like anxiety, depression or abuse of substances.
To be diagnosed with ADHD a person must exhibit at least five of the following symptoms:
The Primarily Inattentive Symptoms of ADHD include:
Inability to focus attention at work or school. Making a few mistakes at work or with homework assignments. It can be difficult to complete tasks or you may become bored quickly. You may be having trouble remembering important details, like dates or numbers. Having trouble with everyday tasks at home like chores or responsibilities around the house. Trouble keeping the time, or avoiding appointments and meetings. You have difficulty sitting still for a long time. Finding it difficult to pay attention to other people while speaking with them, or appearing to ignore them.
People with ADHD who suffer from the primary hyperactive symptoms will display some of the following signs and symptoms:
Hyperactivity and impulsivity can make it hard to be organized and accomplish everyday tasks, which is why some people with ADHD develop strategies to hide their issues. They may not be able to discuss their issues with family members or friends, and they might not seek help until their challenges become serious enough to impact their quality of life.
Having ADHD can be difficult to manage during the early years, but it may not cause problems until later in life when new demands and stresses are brought into play. It is possible that symptoms are not noticed by parents and teachers or they might be misdiagnosed with mental health issues like depression, anxiety, or substance use disorder.
In order to be diagnosed with ADHD, a healthcare professional will assess the person by conducting clinical interviews and using behavioral scales. They also take into consideration the family history, current medical issues and other possible causes of a person's challenges. see this will then come up with an assessment based on the guidelines set by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).
Adults with ADHD are often treated with medication. The most frequently prescribed drugs are stimulants, which boost the levels of certain neurotransmitters within the brain and improve the ability to focus and impulsivity, while decreasing hyperactivity. The medications can be taken either by mouth or via injection. A psychiatrist will be able to monitor and alter the dosage to find the right dosage for each individual.
Support groups as well as behavioral therapy and lifestyle modifications are some of the other non-medicated treatment options for adults suffering from ADHD. A healthy diet, regular exercise and routines, and avoiding sugar, caffeine or alcohol during the hours prior to bed can help to reduce symptoms. Adults may find an employment coach could be useful for helping them manage their symptoms at work. Additionally, the Department for Work and Pensions has a scheme called Access to Work which can provide financial and practical support to assist with workplace adjustments.
Stimulant drugs
The most well-known type of medication used to treat ADHD is stimulant drugs. These medications are designed to alter the levels of neurotransmitters which affect attention and hyperactivity in the brain. They are fast acting and can begin to work within 45-60 minutes.
These medications are the most popular first choice for those diagnosed with ADHD in adults. They are generally well-tolerated, relatively safe and have been shown reduce the severity of a number of symptoms such as inattentiveness and hyperactivity. They are not a remedy and should only be utilized in combination with psychoeducation, therapy, and ongoing support.
These medicines can cause side effects. They can cause an increase in appetite, difficulty sleeping and a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure. They can also increase the risk of having seizures in children and adolescents. In addition there is a slight chance that these drugs could cause a sudden death in people who suffer from a heart condition, such as cardiomyopathy or conduction disorder.
There are two kinds of drugs that are approved to treat adults with ADHD; stimulants and non-stimulants. These are substances that stimulate the body's systems, and at low doses have been proven to have beneficial effects on the main characteristics of ADHD. Three stimulant medications are approved in the UK including the methylphenidate (e.g. Ritalin Concerta, Ritalin) and two classes of amphetamine-based drugs, dexamfetamine (e.g. Adderall, Dexedrine and lisdexamfetamine are two amphetamine-based drugs. Elvanse, Vyvanse). Atomoxetine is a "prodrug with a protein attached that the body eliminates to release dexamfetamine.
Non-stimulants, such as atomoxetine and guanfacine, are less frequently used, but can be very effective. These drugs enhance the chemical signal between nerves, that relies on neurotransmitters like dopamine or noradrenaline to send messages. They can take longer to take effect than stimulants, but they can be extremely beneficial for people with comorbid ADHD and anxiety or depression.
The most important aspect to consider when choosing the right drug is to be formally diagnosed by an experienced psychiatrist who has experience of working with neurodevelopmental conditions. This must be done prior to starting any new medication. It is also a good idea to have a doctor who can support the medication by scheduling regular appointments. This is especially important when considering starting new medications as a GP can check for possible issues that could arise at the beginning of treatment.
GPs can also be useful in identifying and reporting the symptoms of ADHD. They can then use these findings to determine whether or not further investigation is necessary and help decide which treatments are appropriate.
For those who are not diagnosed with ADHD it is crucial to be aware that the diagnosis of ADHD in adults can have a profound impact on the person's life, career and relationships. If you are not diagnosed and untreated may suffer extensive, long-lasting negative effects that are difficult to reverse. Therefore, if you think your child or you may have ADHD it is crucial to speak with your GP as soon as you can.